The Philippine Overseas Employment Administration Essay Example for Free

The Philippine Overseas Employment Administration Essay The Philippine Overseas Employment Administration (POEA) is an agency of the Government of the Philippines responsible for opening the benefits of the overseas employment program of the Philippines. It is the main government agency assigned to monitor and supervise recruitment agencies in the Philippines. The POEAs office is located at EDSA corner Ortigas Avenue, Mandaluyong City, Philippines. The POEA has an organizational structure with the POEA Governing Board at the top. The Secretary of Labor and Employment heads the Governing Board, and the POEA Administrator as vice-chairman and representatives from the private, women, sea-based and land-based sectors as members. The Philippine Overseas Employment Administration was established in 1982 through Executive Order No. 797. The goal of the agencys establishment was to promote and monitor the overseas employment of Filipino workers. The POEA was reorganized in 1987 through Executive Order No. 47 in order to respond to changing markets and economic conditions, and to strengthen components that would protect Filipino workers and the regulatory components of the overseas employment program The Migrant Workers and Overseas Filipinos Act of 1995 instituted State policies of overseas employment and established standards for protection and promotion of welfare for migrant workers and their families, and for overseas Filipinos in distress. The act specifies, Migrant worker refers to a person who is to be engaged, is engaged or has been engaged in a remunerated activity in a state of which he or she is not a legal resident; to be used interchangeably with overseas Filipino worker. Regarding deployment of migrant workers, the act mandates, The State shall deploy overseas Filipino workers only in countries where the rights of Filipino migrant workers are protected In 2010, Republic Act No. 10022 amended some of these provisions, including those quoted above. Among other changes, the paragraph defining the term Migrant worker was amended to read, Overseas Filipino worker refers to a person who is to be engaged, is engaged or has been engaged in a remunerated activity in a state of which he or she is not a citizen or on board a vessel navigating the foreign seas other than a government ship used for military or non-commercial purposes or on an installation located offshore or on the high seas; to be used interchangeably with migrant worker. , and the introductory text regarding deployment was amended to read, The State shall allow the deployment of overseas Filipino workers only in countries where the rights of Filipino migrant workers are protected. The POEA is an attached agency of the Department of Labor Employment (DOLE) tasked to manage the country’s labor migration program. Their vision: Excellence in governance for world-class Filipino migrant workers. While regarding their mission: POEA connects to the world, and, in partnership with all stakeholders, facilitates the generation and preservation of decent jobs for Filipino migrant workers, promotes their protection and advocates their smooth reintegration into Philippine society. Structure The POEA Administrator oversees the daily operations of the agency and is supported by three deputy administrators. The Deputy Administrator for Employment and Welfare oversees the Pre-Employment Services Office and the Welfare and Employment Office. Under the Deputy Administrator for Adjudication and Employment Regulation are the Licensing and Regulation Office and the Adjudication Office. The Deputy Administrator for Management handles the general administrative and support services of the administration. The POEA has three (3) Regional Centers which are located in La Union for Luzon, Cebu for the Visayas region and Davao for the Mindanao area. Regional Extension Units are in Baguio-Cordillera Administrative Region, Iloilo, Cagayan de Oro and Zamboanga while satellite offices are located in Pampanga, Calamba, Laguna, Legaspi, Bacolod and Tacloban. Core Functions In terms of Industry Regulation, it issues license to engage in overseas recruitment and manning to private recruitment agencies and ship manning companies. Hears and arbitrates complaints and cases filed against recruitment and manning agencies, foreign principals and employers, and overseas workers for reported violation of POEA rules and regulations, except for money claims. They also implement a system of incentives and penalty for private sector participants and sets minimum labor standards. Monitors overseas job advertisements on print, broadcast and television and lastly supervises the government’s program on anti-illegal recruitment. And lastly imposes disciplinary actions on erring employers and workers and seafarers. Regarding their employment facilitation, they accredits/ registers foreign principals and employers hiring Filipino workers, approves manpower requests of foreign principals and employers, evaluates and processes employment contract, assists departing workers at the ports of exit, develops and monitors markets and conducts market research, conducts marketing missions, enters into memorandum of understanding on the hiring of Filipino workers with labor–receiving countries facilitates the deployment of workers hired through government-to-government arrangement and lastly they provides a system of worker’s registry. On provision of on-site remedies to OFWs to file complaints against employer or agency, OFWs may file complaints for violations of POEA rules against principal, employer, and/or Philippine recruitment agency at the Philippine Overseas Labor Office s (POLOs). Worker’s Protection The company (POEA), intensifies public education and information campaign, conducts pre-employment orientation and anti-illegal recruitment seminars nationwide, conducts Pre-Deployment Orientation Seminars (PDOS) to workers hired through the government-to-government arrangement and name hires, provides technical assistance in the drafting of bilateral and multilateral greement, provides legal assistance to victims of illegal recruitment, prepares OFW global mapping and profiling, implements gender-sensitive programs, networks with non-government organizations, workers’ organizations, etc. And they provides repatriation assistance Philippine Overseas Employment Administration, composed also the Ge neral Administration and Support Services which includes Human Resources Development, Property and Supplies Management, Financial Management, Information and Communication Technology, Plans and Policy Development and Quality Management System Summary of Activities The trainee completed a total of Two Hundred Forty Hours (240) of internship in Philippine Overseas Employment Administration (POEA). The first day of on-the-job training (OJT) of the trainee started on the 15th day of April. On the first day, she’s quite excited and nervous of what she’ll do on the company and on what department or division we’ll she assigned. On the next day, the trainee deployed on her respective department together with her two co-trainees, she was assigned at the â€Å"Cash Division†. This department’s job is divided into two: first, the department collects payment of OFW’s, agencies other contractor connected to POEA, secondly the department also assigned in releasing of checks. It’s superior because the trainee was assigned based on her path. During her training days, the trainee practice herself to wake up early in the morning just to be on time and until now her so proud to herself because she maintains it. The first task assigned was to segregate of used official receipts and filing vouchers by its nature. Before the trainee does the entire job, her person in charge, well-informed first before they allowed performing what operation she’ll have to do. On the first week, she was also assigned to balance and record to the journal the collection report per collecting officer. They do this job weekly. After balancing and recording, the trainee encode the collection report in the course of which it includes; HDMF, BMAD, OWWA, PHILHEALTH. But regularly, the trainee performed releasing of checks, answering phone calls, receiving vouchers and recording those checks by its nature from the office n charge (OIC) unto General fund (salaries of employees), MDS Trust (claimants), LBP trust (payments for the service rendered by POEA). She was also assigning to photocopy some documents, filing the vouchers of the clients and designate to sign the clients on the voucher for the proof that the checks have been received. Regarding the participation, the trainee participate as a cashier 1 on the dep artment when the time comes that some employees are not present. She acts as a cashier because there are a lot of OFW’s who made their payments on their department. During the training at POEA, the trainee learned to interact with other people especially to her co-trainees came from different States, Universities Colleges. We know that people have different characteristics and attitudes; however making friends with the trainee’s co-workers doesn’t make difficult. From the interaction the trainee made with them, the later learned to work with patience. She also learned from her co-worker’s experiences and mistakes and applies them whenever she needed it. The setting also on the department get pleasure from her employer’s because the entire person above her was so accommodating, supportive and concerned to her. They also encourage the trainee to go on with her studies until she become a professional. It was a good experienced for her to train her ability on the POEA. The trainee also well-read how to be converted into a hardworking person and be on time, pursue the policy and information that are specified to them. All of what she learned in the company will brought her sooner or later, especially when she’s on a veracity of employment. And she’s so grateful that at least in some way, for a short period of time, she became a part of the company (POEA). Recommendation to the Company The company created a good service to their clients and gave the best training for the students. The trainee highly recommends to the Philippine Overseas Employment Administration to increase their employees/ manpower in every division. We all know that almost thousands of people, especially OFW’s reports and go to the company. The trainee easily observed that the company must focus in terms of their manpower so that they must attain their general objectives which assigned as quickly as they can monitor and supervise recruitment agencies in the Philippines. Recommendation to the School Based on what she have experienced, it’s hard to have an on the job training in far places because it’s too exhausting and costly, for the reason that most of the companies doesn’t offer salary or allowance for their student trainees. That’s why they have to shoulder all the expenses from foods, house up to the other essential that they need. What can she recommend is that, they should allow students to have their on the job training within Cavite because she believe that it is more progressive than before. There are lots of big companies and banks now that can also help students to develop their ability and comprehension and be more competitive someday.

Juvenile Boot Camps Essay Example for Free

Juvenile Boot Camps Essay Correctional boot camps for juveniles, as well as for adults, focus on structure, discipline and physical and/or mental challenge. The experiences of the offenders in the programs are anticipated to change them in a positive way so that their future criminal activities will be reduced. The mechanism for this change is attributed to various factors such as self-esteem or increased bonds with staff and peers. Some also expect that these punitive programs will discourage others from committing crimes or that the individuals who spend time in the programs will be deterred from future criminal activities. There are basically three types of boot camps: the military drilling style that focuses on strict discipline; the rehabilitative approach; and the educational/vocational model. In 1985 the first juvenile boot camp was established in Orleans Parish, Louisiana. In 1987, only four state correctional system boot camp programs existed. In 1992 there were three pilot juvenile boot camps started in Ohio, Colorado, and Alabama. The offenders sent to these locations were non-violent offenders less than 18 years of age, and were to complete a three-month residential program and six to nine month aftercare program. However, there were reports of a lack of consistency and coordination in the aftercare programs which lead to substandard results as opposed to those high intentions of lower recidivism. By 1993 there were forty-six reported in thirty states. This number grew increasingly to boast 75 facilities for juveniles by 1997, in 33 states. These figures represent only official state facilities, and do not include private camps and those established by local jurisdictions. If the figures included these facilities run by other jurisdictions and private persons the number would be significantly higher. The idea of juvenile boot camps is much newer than adult faculties, although, in Texas alone their Juvenile Probation Department approved eighteen proposals to construct juvenile facilities across the state (Tyler, 2001). There are several elements of juvenile boot camps which include a regimented military-style program, strict discipline and rules, young, first-time nonviolent inmates, and programs that offer a shorter alternative to prison sentences. These elements can be altered in order to form different methods of treatment within the camps. The goals vary within each program, but effectively they are all similar. They range to include incapacitation, deterrence, rehabilitation, reduction of prison costs and crowding, and punishment. Each program varies these goals in order to obtain the maximum positive potential results possible (Keenan Barry, 1994). Rates of recidivism can be dependant on the types of offenders allowed to participate in the program, and therefore these participants are controlled for in order to make the programs look desirable to continue to obtain public support and funding from the state. There are several people that play a role in deciding the participants of the program. These players include the sentencing judge, the correctional authority operating the boot camp, or a combination of the two. Another factor that plays a role in participant selection is the participant themselves. These young offenders are able to choose to participate in the boot camp or endure a longer period in incarceration. Surprisingly there are a majority of offenders that choose incarceration over the tough boot camps (Selcraig, 2000). There are several issues that arise when studying boot camps. One needs to understand how to make boot camps effective in order to reduce the risk of reoffending after completion of the program. The camps used to be considered as scaring children senseless and it was thought that this idea scared the children not to re-offend. Now there has been more studies and researchers realize that this method needs to be mixed with treatment and aftercare in order to be an effective tool of punishment and treatment. Despite common wisdom holding that nothing works to alter a life of crime, programs can achieve rehabilitation by emphasizing problem-solving skills and anti criminal role-modelling. (Castellano) Another alternative to community supervision are halfway houses or partial community confinement, designed to provide help to the offender in being reintegrated into the community. These alternatives are also thought to increase rehabilitation and incapacitation, but at the same time they will increase the costs of rehabilitating the offender. This method combined with assistance in finding a job, counselling, and length of time monitored should prove effective in reducing re-offending. Monitoring comes in the form of electronic monitoring, and urinalysis. However, if these new methods prove to be more effective if combined as an aftercare program with the boot camp then it is a necessary tool that should be provided to the offender. There should be no cost too big in rehabilitating the offender because not only is it the offenders future at stake but possibly the publics too because it is thought that they usually re-offend with more serious crimes. The research on juvenile boot camps suggests that completion rates were high in the first year of the program, but research on aftercare programs suggests that nearly half of those who graduated to the aftercare phase dropped out, were arrested for a new offence, or were discharged for not complying with the programs rules. It was reported that in March 1992, every existing program was equipped with the necessary tools to provide education and/or drug-abuse treatment, although they were not originally equipped to do so. However, there is a belief that the effectiveness of boot camps as a deterrent to recidivism is less effective than the public believes. Further research must focus not so much on why the rate of recidivism is so high, but rather on how the boot camp program itself deters those who do not recidivate. There are several reasons that researchers attempt to use in order to defend the use of boot camps. They argue that the high recidivism rates can be accountable by a number of reasons. For example, they claim that the high rates are because some of the graduates were re-arrested for violent or aggressive crimes that they committed before boot camp, but the system was not aware of these crimes before assignment. They also claim that when the programs were started there was a huge backlog of high-risk youths in the system, so the boot camps received some of the worst offenders and can not be to blame for the high recidivism (Szalavitz, 2002). This point can be argued because isnt the program supposed to rehabilitate the offender? Does it matter if the offender is considered high-risk? The program operators are claiming success rates in order to obtain funding and continued support, however, they are saying that certain offenders can not be rehabilitated. It is not fair for someone else to decide whether or not someone is able to be rehabilitated without giving them a chance to prove themselves. No two people are alike and different people respond differently to treatments. There are also other negative aspects to these alternative measures of incarceration. There are several incidents of reported deaths caused by unnecessary roughness or physical exertion at these boot camps. Barry Krisberg, president of the National Council on Crime and Delinquency in Oakland believes that boot camps are poorly regulated, and notes that many camps require counsellors who have gone through the program themselves, meaning many have criminal records, and are left in charge of the children. This does not seem like an appropriate method for dealing with the children. Leaving them with counsellors with criminal records seems like an accident waiting to happen. Who is to say these counsellors are treated and reformed, especially after all the research indicating the possibilities of reoffending after the programs (Sharp, 1995). As well, there are reports of younger inmates being sexually assaulted, and one could assume others are physically assaulted by older inmates. According to an article published in 2000, there are at least half a dozen children that have died in boot camps, and other investigations have concluded that hundreds of others have been put through emotional and physical abuse (West, 2000). The costs of boot camps run an average of ten times higher than the cost of a juvenile on probation, according to the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. The average cost of each youth enrolled in a boot camps program runs about $93/day. These figures range from $65/day at the Boys and Girls Clubs of Greater Mobile Alabama, to $120/day at the Second Chance in Connell, Washington. This works out to be approximately $33,480 per year per youth. Also in comparison, Kansas, which does not currently have boot camps, spends $47,400 per year per youth housing an offender in an institution (Tyler, 2001). There is also research suggesting the validity of the boot camps and their success in rehabilitating young offenders. The researchers claim that if there was an increase in the number of paid staff it would increase the number, quality, and intensity of training and rehabilitative programs within the camp. However, a downfall to this is the increase in funding that would be necessary to keep the programs up and running. Another idea that has been suggested is the multi-use of locations- using an existing prison site and incorporating the boot camps into the same location. They believe this would also decrease recidivism because it would serve as a deterrent when the offender saw the option of jail as another form of punishment and realized how unappealing it is. Colorado, North Dakota and Arizona have ended their boot camp programs, Georgia is phasing them out, and Florida and California are cutting back. This all due to the fact that there continues to be a lot of controversy over the effectiveness of the boot camps and whether or not they are effective in reducing recidivism and helping the offender to become a responsible contributing member of society. Along similar lines of boot camps, are another fairly new idea of programs. These programs are more interested in treatment and provide more education, as opposed to using the military-style punishment. One such programs sends recruits to spend a weekend with the U. S Marine Corps, learning obedience to orders and discipline. Researchers criticize this method of program because they believe that since their disobedient behaviour took time to develop, it will take more than a weekend to cure their negative behaviour (Tyler, 2001). Upon reading most of the information it seems as though a general question seems to arise- if it is the aftercare that ultimately determines whether the offender is likely to re-offend, is the boot camp necessary or can we skip right to the aftercare portion? This is an interesting question because it questions the authority of the state to spend the money on the boots camps if they cannot even be linked to reduced recidivism. Further research needs to be done into the effectiveness of these camps because it needs to be discovered whether or not they can reduce recidivism. If in fact the camps are not responsible for the rehabilitation or scared straight technique, but it is due for example, to the aftercare, then we need to focus more attention on this. It is very important to obtain the most effective results possible so that we can help these troubled youths to lead a more productive and fulfilling life. As it stands now, the aftercare focuses on reintegration into the community, using a counsellor. This counsellor includes the family and community when assessing their method of care. After a program is made to suit the individual, there is strict supervision, used in conjunction with rewards and sanctions available to the successful candidate (Begin, 1996). There is no data on the effectiveness of the facility. All in all, the use of juvenile boot camps are a highly criticized and often highly respected means of treating and punishing the young offender. Their use has been criticized often for not reducing recidivism rates and their abuse of participants. However, any reduction in recidivism should be looked at as a positive because it is one less youth who is going to endure a life of crime, and one less youth who is committing a crime and harming the general public. Because a lot of the facilities are responsible for reducing recidivism, boot camps are still in use today. Overall, although there is negative data related to the use of boot camps, there is also a lot of rewarding experiences and positive outcomes. These experiences allow for the continuation of the programs and continued improvements in the aftercare are being made to better the services of the boot camps to improve the rehabilitation process of the young offender. References Begin, Patricia. (1996). Boot Camps: Issues for Consideration. Ontario: Library of Parliament- Research Branch. Keenan, John; Barry, R. (1994, March). Measuring the Military Atmosphere of Boot Camps. Federal Probation, 58, (1), 67-71.

Mass Media Advertising Invasion Influence Media Essay

Mass Media Advertising Invasion Influence Media Essay In the mass media as television, radio, newspapers, magazines, movies, and Internet, are designed to communicate and transmit to an unlimited number of people at one time activities, events, events of various kinds, for example sports cultural, social, commercial, historical, academic, etc. Also, give the latest news and give an overview of everything that happened in the world. It is of great importance for society, since these media people realize what happens, and through these media, is held in a very important activity that is advertising, too. This is a movement which is used to distribute or inform the people about products and services. Its main objective is to motivate each individual to consume the product by striking and attractive the commercial. All type of advertising is negative towards people, because the purpose of advertising is to develop the desire to acquire, this or that product, manipulating their minds selling an imaginary happiness and a fictitious reality. Many people argue that advertisement is good because through it they got informed about new things, things that help to everyone to be actualized as in the technology, but also, in offers, or events around the world, and this is an acceptable point. It is a good way of see how the advertisements influences everyones life. Otherwise, the majority of the information that is distributed every day to each citizen is, in some cases, manipulated. This information distributes just what is convenient for some people or organization. These organizations may be the government, city, culture, language, and country, between other. Some favorable examples are in electoral elections, crime or economic problems. Where in the majority of the countries, the government buys the channels and suborns to do not inform about events that may prejudices their career or stance in power. For many professional traders advertising is their source of employment or a means by which they generate their income. Advertisers are specialists in marketing new products or services, and thus get the customer to identify with the product. Its aim is to produce sales or increase them about it. All this was accomplished with a detailed work designed to convince the audience to be aware of the product for sale or mark so they can start buying. However, the advertising, paid by a business advertiser, select and multiply those values that we wish to emphasize and discard those that do not favor their persuasive strategy. The power that advertisement has is too much powerful, and may prejudice more than it helps. as many of the advertisements are not made with only the fact to inform and help people, if not most of the advertising channel uses time that stereotype, especially with the young people, because cause an imbalance in mind and health. Advertising is always looking for ways to how to influence and manipulate the minds of people regardless of age, sex and ethnicity, using resources, tactics and procedures, such as colors, shapes, environments, characters, sounds, time, inter alia, to convince the consumer that the product offered is the best, it is necessary, and that it is on the possibilities of everyone. This will have an impact on the socialization of young people, but they convey a stereotyped image of them, which is dominated by fun, dynamic and superficial. This image ends up being borne by young people themselves. Advertising also uses stereotypes to reinforce their marketing messages. Through research, analysis and study of many disciplines such as psychology, sociology, anthropology, statistics, and economics, which are found in the market survey, it can develop an appropriate message to the public. The study by professors at the School of Communication at the University of Navarra jointly with the Council Audiovisual de Navarra, deals with the effects of advertising on young people today, and concludes that the values are transmitted through advertising help or favors that adolescents have attitudes of irresponsibility, consumerism and superficiality to life. The stereotypes that are displayed in television commercials profiles are limited to artificial and remote from real life, under the law of the aesthetic ideal, presenting ideas on youth collective surface. The strong pressure of advertising on minors, it becomes detrimental to the extent that they receive messages unreal perceived as natural, which can cause a marked dissatisfaction upon entering adulthood. Attractive images, the great value placed on leisure and entertainment over other principles, inappropriate sexual stereotypes, these are among others the ideas that are classified as harmful and negative influence on the values that teenagers are absorbing as develop. Lastly, based on these results, it calls for a greater commitment to undertake joint action, proceeding to develop attitudes of responsibility, equality, and transcendence of life. In an investigation conducted by the Foundation for Assistance to Drug Addiction (FAD) is revealed that in ads targeted at young people, are highlighted values such as consumerism, hedonism, independence, transgression, prestige, adventure, while they are other underrepresented as a compromise, friendship, effort, and solidarity. There is a marked tendency towards individualistic hedonism are deficient while the values that foster social effort and commitment. Most young people identify with their main characters in the novel, favorite singers, or models. Which in most of the time these come in commercials advertising products that in view of each of these young people is what makes them look perfect and unique. In Fact, youth buy advertised products for them and in a way that makes them feel sure of themselves. This is a good way to see how advertising could motivate young people to feel better about themselves. On the contrary, advertising with youth people is a value that sells well. Young people who appear in it respond to a stereotype of young fun, dynamic, handsome, successful and attractive: a canon elusive. We propose a body aesthetic that emphasizes thinness, for them, and athletic bodies, in their case. Surveys show that many of the teenagers are not considered at ease with his image. 50% of them are considered overweight, with girls most affected by this negative image. The eagerness of many young people respond to such stereoty pes leads them in many cases, to adopt habits and attitudes that sometimes threaten their physical safety. Diseases such as anorexia and Vigorexia are becoming more common among adolescents. Although, it has increased in recent years the number of men affected by anorexia, girls remain in a ratio of one to ten, suffer the most. In advertising the image of the boys is more related to the effectiveness or the athletes, so one disease that is beginning to being detected is now the Vigorexia, an excessive desire to acquire an athletic-looking body. In recent times problems on advertisements which include young women have been surfacing having them in a sense of low self confidence when they are not perfect, and girls think that they are disappointments, and that no one will accept them. It has been proven that their low self confidence has led to eating disorders, depression, and mental development. It is the major problem of advertising with thin models and expressing that being thin is healthy and is the best way to feel good about her; however, models do not acknowledge that this leads to a live or death situation. The advertisement influences in young women on the today dates. It is a big problem with the slim models. Those kinds of advertisements tell to young women how to dress, look and feel like accepted girls using clothes and being thin as the models on the magazines do. Many young women in particular, look up to these people and take ideas from them about how they should look and act. Some advertisements attract the young womens attention using celebrities showing them as a perfect person. According Health Education Research, a total of 42 participants were interviewed in seven geographic regions of the United States. In groups of three, participants were shown seven print and TV advertisements for weight-loss products and asked to share their interpretations of each ad. Common factors in girls interpretation of weight loss advertising included responding to texts emotionally by identifying with characters; comparing and contrasting persuasive messages with real life experiences with family members; using prior knowledge about nutrition management and recognizing obvious deceptive claims like rapid or permanent weight loss. Girls were less able to demonstrate skills including recognizing persuasive construction strategies including message purpose, target audience and subtext and awareness of economic factors including financial motives, credibility enhancement and branding. Making consumers feel insecure could be considered as one way to advertise and, if not the most effective, one of them. Advertising reveals the latest fashions and the new popular novelties on the market. However, advertising is a patchwork of successes and failures, benefits and disadvantages, wonders and dangers. Clients observe how models look perfect and customers buy what the models are using to look as the models do. Copying the models of the magazines could be one of the objectives of every woman to be popular in the today days; also, doing it girls feel attractive and they think that is the best form to take the attention of a boy. If the young woman uses what the thin model is using, she will feel accepted. It may be the intention, that a woman who is looking at the advertisement does the same as the model on the magazine is doing. Some girls think that if they are not the most perfect possible they are not pretty and there is when a depression comes after it. Furthermore, being an accepted member of society has become very important to most individuals, and be accepted today is just being a copy of the models who appear in magazines and buying the same clothes models suppose to buy, the make-up, including food they supposed to eat or not eat. If a young girl thinks that be thin is being healthy and be attractive and popular it may be because she could read it on a magazine or saw it on a commercial or only because she heard it by other girl that was influenced by advertisements. The majority of advertisements today tell young girls how to dress, how to be physically thin and how to feel good with their own. However, it does not mean that it is the hundred percent truths. It may be only a mirage of what it is being perfect. To be loved, pretty or accepted in a society is not necessary be as a model or as a celebrity. Whether the kids are asked about the advertisements, they will say that it is magnificent, because they learn about new toys, food that it is delicious and then when they go to the store they will tell their parents to buy those things because they saw it on television or internet and it was beautiful, it will make their dreams true and will be happy having this product. This is the purpose of the advertisement of make the adults, teenagers, and kids, feel with the necessity of acquire that dream announced in the commercial. In contrast the advertisement do not just influences in young people, kids in the form how to dress or act, it also prejudices to the health every time the kind is using the mass media watching TV or playing the video games and using the computer. According to a recent study, teens are constantly targeted by TV advertisements for food. The average U.S. teen sees about 6,000 of them a year! Most of the ads are for unhealthy junk foods, sugary cereals, fast-food re staurants, and soft drinks. Food manufacturers spend billions of dollars each year trying to get teens to see their ads. Experts think this can lead to bad eating habits and health problems. According to the article, Dr. Edward Palmer, a professor who studies TVs effects on children, was asked if he thought there was a connection between these food ads and health trends among young people. There is a direct link, he told. He also believes that the ads send an unrealistic message: Youll have fun if you get this food. Youll be accepted by your friends, Dr. Palmer said. Also, Omar Estrada, a 9th-grader from Illinois, is no stranger to food ads. Its about half of what I see when I watch TV, he told. And Taylor Simmons, a 6th-grader from South Carolina, said that after seeing a commercial for a fast-food restaurant: Sometimes you cannot help but go to McDonalds. You feel like you have to go!(Entin). The advertisement is not just what is shown in the internet, radio, magazines, etc. it is also the gifts they do if you by that items. For example, if a kid goes to McDonalds and he buys a happy meal some of the cases he or she do not buy this food because he was hungry or because he likes the food, he wanted it because there is a obsequious, that commonly are characters of the resent kids movie or the favorite cartoon. All things considered, advertisement does not project the favorable information that should. Advertisement or publicity may be criticizes but, when consumed, every one is influenced by it. In one hand, advertising has an influence in certain individuals as positive, motivation them to realize their cherished dreams, but on the other hand, advertisement manipulates the minds of the people to sell or make as know the product and the service. The advertisement, besides of the people will think that it will beneficiate their style life, obtaining information, or founding offers in supplies, or being actualized with all the new products in sell, it will do that every person beyond of being informed with manipulated information or with an fictitious happiness may be danger with a problem of low stamen or health. The majority of the teenagers follow as example to their idols that are shown on magazines, television, and so copying their dress style or how they are physically, as conclusion, bringing to them problems starting with the absence of originality in their own or diseases as anorexia or vogorexia.

Ethical Dilemmas Faced by Nurses and Other Healthcare Professionals Ess

The role of ethics in organizational behavior is the underlying factor to the success and longevity of any organization. A set of rules and guidelines focusing on promoting safety, trust, and responsible practice within the workplace must be established internally. Organizations develop code of ethics that center upon the promotion of good. Ethics are vital in developing trusting relationships between employees and administration within. A code of ethics highlights the responsibility and accountability standards of each and every employee within the organization. These codes are also motivating factors that guide the employees’ behavior, set the standard regarding ethical conduct, and build an organizations trustworthiness within their surroundings. (McShane, Gilnow, 2012). The role of ethics in organizational behavior can negatively or positively impact an entire healthcare entity. If employees are educated on the importance of practicing ethically at all times, and the organization as a whole operates unethically displayed values of an organization are then in question. Before employees can begin to practice ethically the organizational foundation of standard must be rooted. Every individual regardless of position should be held accountable for their actions. Healthcare organizations are very influential and play an active role within the community. The decisions of a healthcare organization can easily sway the community’s perspective and damage developed relationships. The community is the heart of any healthcare organization. Consumers come from within the community, and if they seek elsewhere a healthcare organization can falter. Employees may feel better connected to an organization that values and appreciates their... ...are. The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing. Retrieved November 14, 2013. Lin, M. Chuen-Teng, H. Hsien-Hsein, C. Ching-Huey, C. (2012). Exploring ethical aspects of elective surgery patients’decision-making experiences . Nursing Ethics. http://ehis.ebscohost.com.proxy024.nclive.org/eds/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=9be8d4ae-586e-4f0b-8ab4-bec5ae12910b%40sessionmgr13&vid=3&hid=115. Retrieved November 17, 2013. McShane, S. Von Glinow. (2013). Organizational Behavior 6th Edition. McGraw Hill. New York, NY. Field, M; Lo, B. (2009). Conflict of Interest in Medical Research, Education, and Practice. The National Academies. . Retrieved November 1, 2013.

The Significance of Vietnam War Essay -- Vietnam War Essays

The Significance of The Vietnam War Within one generation, The United States have experienced The Second World War, The Korean War and fifteen years of The Cold War crisis. The Vietnam War was the last drop into the cup of American patience. The costs of The Vietnam War were intolerable, because they contravened traditional American values and hopes. In the year 1965, American government announced, with public support, that America is going to win the guerilla war and defeat the â€Å"global communist conspiracy†. It also promised to build free institutions in South-East Asia. Two years later, in the year 1967, the same affair was considered not only as unsuccessful, but also as a gruesome action of the politicians. In one moment, the intellectuals glorified the arrival of a young and freethinking new president, but almost immediately, they blamed his successor of cruelty, continuous lies and desire of war, although the new president’s strategy was basically the same as of his mourned-for predecessor. Richard Nixon’s governing season did not bring much serenity either. Heated resistance against war became even stronger. Nixon wanted to negotiate an honorary departure, which he considered to be almost anything - apart from leaving millions of people, to whom America promised help, to North Vietnamese communists. He took reliability and honor seriously, because he knew that American ability to create peaceful international order depended on them. Nixon and his special advisor claimed that they had a secret plan how to reach â€Å"honorable peace†. But peace came slowly, and when it finally arrived, no one could talk about honor. The longest war in the history of The United Sta tes ended and left a bitter heritage behind. The war, commenced as a noble quest for democratic ideals showed that it is not easy to bring democracy to the region of the third world, which lacked any historical experience with liberal values. The war, which was supposed to be a parade of American military power, harmed her dignity so seriously, that many young Americans started to see the army as a completely rotten and wrong institution. The war, that was supposed to show the world how strong the United States are in their conviction, actually divided America more than any other event in the twentieth century. The wounds were so deep that even the peace did not bring much joy. The Vietnamese Wa... ...e self-confidence and to take into consideration unforeseen factors. However, political passivity does not offer any consolation to millions of immediate victims and it changes political decision-making to irresponsible hazard based on intuition. The greatest loss caused by the Vietnam War was probably the togetherness of the American society. American idealism led to an opinion that the Vietnamese society can be relatively easily transformed to democracy. When this optimistic thesis fell down, it unavoidably led to disillusion. The prevailing phenomenon was also the misunderstanding of the military problem. Looking at the complex problem brings me to the following conclusion: Before The United States (and this applies to any other nation) decide to enter any war, they should be clearly aware of the nature of the threat they will confront and of the nature of the aims they can reach. They must have a clear military strategy and a clear definition of what they will consider a successful military result. And if America decides to commence any military action, it should not accept any other alternative but victory. America can recover from Vietnam only by learning from its wounds.

J.R.R.Tolkien: Master of Fantasy Essay -- John Ronald Reuel Tolkien Bi

John Ronald Reuel Tolkien (J.R.R.Tolkien) was a philologist in the very strict sense of the word. This term, philologist, comes from Greek [φÎ ¯ÃŽ »ÃŽ ¿Ãâ€š (philos) and ÃŽ »ÃÅ'ÃŽ ³ÃŽ ¿Ãâ€š (logos)] and literarily means ‘love for words’. According to the Oxford Dictionary, it is â€Å"the scientific study of the development of language or of a particular language†, which is precisely what Tolkien did all through his life. Tolkien was, as has been said, a profound lover of words, which he begun developing from a quite early age. In 1900, when he and his family had to move to Birmingham in order to be closer to King Edward’s School, Tolkien discovered Gaelic, a language toward which he showed a great interest and which â€Å"opened him to another linguistic world† (â€Å"le abrià ³ otro mundo lingà ¼Ãƒ ­stico†, Carpenter, 2002:37). When he returned to King Edward’s, after a year in St. Philip’s School, he started learning Greek; he already knew Latin as his mother had taught him at home. When his literature teacher read The Canterbury Tales, by Geoffrey Chaucer, in the original Middle-English â€Å"he decided to learn more about the history of the language† (Carpenter, 2002:39), â€Å"why languages are as they are† (â€Å"por quà © eran como eran† Carpenter, 2002:46). His discovery of Anglo-Saxon was also an important element in his approaching to philology. As can be seen, his encounter with these ‘new-old’ languages was continuous: Old Norse, Gothic, etc. It was also the starting point of his creation of private languages (Naffarin). Thanks to his deep study of these languages we have today works like The Silmarillion, The Hobbit, or The Lord of the Rings, as Tolkien’s imagination came not from any other place but from language itself, as Segura (2008) states saying that â€Å"his imagination was... ...o. -Carretero, M. -â€Å"Catastrophe†. Oxford Learners Dictionaries. 2014. http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/catastrophe -Coleridge, S.T. 1984. Biographia Literaria. P.6. Princeton: Princeton University Press. -â€Å"Eucatastrophe†. Oxford Dictionaries, Language Matters. 2014. http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/es/definicion/ingles/eucatastrophe -Lewis, C.S. 2002. On Stories and Other Essays on Literature. EE.UU: Mariner Books. -Segura, E. 2008. J.R.R.Tolkien: Mitopoeia y Mitologà ­a, reflexiones bajo la luz refractada. Spain: Portal Editions. -Segura, E. 2001. El Viaje del Anillo: Mapa narrativo de la Tierra Media. -Tolkien, J.R.R. (lecture given in 1939). On Fairy Stories. -Tolkien, J.R.R. 19. The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers. -Olsen, C. 2010. On Fairy-Stories. http://www.festivalintheshire.com/journal5hts/5tolkienprofessor.html

Equality, Diversity and Rights in Health and Social Care Essay

In this task I am going to be explaining what discrimination is and how it affects people around us. I am also going to be talking about covert and over power of abuse, infringement or rights, discriminatory practice, prejudice, stereotyping and labelling, bullying, loss of rights and also disempowerment. Discriminatory practice means to make choices based upon their categories, like values and beliefs, gender, age, race or religion. Discriminating involves infringement of rights, covert and overt abuse of power, prejudice, stereotyping, labelling, bulling and abuse. If a Muslim woman wanted to work in a health and social care setting and didn’t get the job because of her religion or skin colour this would be discrimination. Discrimination towards a person when working in a health and social care setting has to be taken very seriously, if a person is found out to be discriminating a person this could result in the person losing their job. http://www.rbkc.gov.uk/healthandsocial care Everyone is entitles to have their rights respected and followed, everyone is entitled to right no matter what their race, religion, age or gender is. When working in a health and social care setting for example an elderly care home, all residents have the right to choice, choice of what they want to eat and when they want to eat and when they want to get up in the morning. Care workers must promote the tights of the people they are caring for. Infringement of Rights is when someone’s individual rights are not respected or denied. Muslim people do not eat pork or anything containing gelatine, gelatine comes from pork so when eating something Muslim people have to be aware of what is in their food. It is against their religion to eat any type of pork substance. If a Muslim woman was been cared for in an elderly care home and the care workers served her pork and there were no other options of food she could have this would be taking away her rights and beliefs, this is an example of infringement of rights. It is unacceptable for staff to abuse their power, like making decisions without involving the elderly residents and not a llowing the elderly to make their own choices. Covert abuse is when a person is abusing someone but in a secretive sly way. In a way that is  hidden from anyone elder, this abuse is not physical but is the abuse of power taking away the elderly’s right as an individual. A care worker should ask an elderly resident what they would like for breakfast but if a care worker was using covert abuse against the elderly the elderly person would not be given a choice on what they want for breakfast they would just get what the care worker gives them. If someone using covert abuse they are taking away the choices an individual is entitled too. Abuse of power is denied as a misuse of power, no matter what the context. It can be in the government, in the home or in the work place that the abuse of power is occurring covertly. Covert abuse is an act of discriminatory practice by someone who uses hidden use of power or authority to discriminate a person or social groupings. Such as age, culture, sexuality, gender, family status and health status. Overt abuse of power is when a person abuses their power in an obvious way, the abuser is often more aggressive and physically or psychologically violent. They can be very abusive to the residents and can act with subversive behaviours like spying or phone-tapping, vicious name calling, use sex as a tool for manipulation and self satisfaction, spend large amounts of money without respect for the victims needs and deny love and affection. An example of this is when a person has a purse and a care worker takes money out of it on a regular basis. Overt abuse of power is also discriminatory practice, however unlike covert abuse of power it is the openly use of power and authority to discriminate. http://www.blurtit.com/ Prejudices means judging someone before you have met them and know them. Prejudice is judgement towards people of a person because of their gender, social class, age, disability, religion, sexuality, race/ethnicity, nationality or other personal characteristics. An example of prejudice is if a care worker was talking about an elderly person who was just about to come in to the care home, the care worker may off looked at the elderly person’s notes and seen that the elderly woman is Sikh, the care worker may judge the elderly person because of her religion. This is an example of prejudice because the care worker has judged the elderly without meeting her or knowing her If someone is been prejudice against this can have affects on their health and well-being. If an elderly person feels like they are been judged because of their religion then this could make them discriminated against. It can also make them feel lonely and could  make them feel isolated from other residents. The elderly person could get depressed and this then could have an impact on her physical health, she may feel worn down, lack of energy and this could lead to major health problems such as the immune system going down and this could lead to infections. It is important when working in a health and social care setting that a person is not prejudiced against. http://www.simplypsychology.org/prejudice.html Another example of prejudice is if a man is expected into the care home and he is in a wheelchair, a care worker may have already judged the person and worked out the things he can and cannot do without meeting him. The man may be able to do many things but because the care worker has already judged what he can and can’t do without meeting him this could have affects on his development. If the man in the wheelchair can walk a short distance but the care worker does not think he should then this could delay his development with walking, the man then could stop walking the short distance he can and then in time may not be able to at all because he may not want to, or because he body will get used to not walking so when he try’s it will be harder. http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/rs/prejudice/ Not everyone is the same and everyone should be treated differently according to their needs. Stereotyping is when a person or a group of people puts for example and elderly person in a certain category or group because of their age, capabilities, gender or beliefs. It is important when working in a health and social care setting that a care worker does not stereotype. Stereotyping is seen as a form of discrimination and this can have a bad affect on the person. The affects stereotyping can have on a person is low self esteem, if a person is affected by stereotyping they could develop low self esteem, mental health issues such a depression, the person who is been stereotyped could feel isolated or picked on. http://www.bbc.co.uk/health/emotional_health/mental_health/emotion_esteem.shtm Labelling is similar to stereotyping but instead of being complex they are one word like calling an elderly person a whiner. When an elderly person is constantly being referred as a label they stop being people and it may reduce the elderly persons self esteem, dignity and individuality. Labelling people causes them to lose motivation and self-esteem as it closes the mind  of the person who sticks the label. The labeller gets a general perception of the subject and allows him no room for change or improvement. http://ezinearticles.com/?The-Harmful-Effects-of-Labelling-People&id=4705852 Stereotyping and labelling could be overcome if care practitioners stopped making assumptions and looked after the elderly person to a high standard. When working in a health and social care setting it is important that a care worker does not bully anyone that could be staff or residents if working in an elderly care home. Bulling is a form of discrimination and is an evil act towards someone. Bullying means using your power to intimidate another person. Bullying could include staff bullying, older staff bulling younger staff or even staff bullying residents. Bullying could be giving looks to other people, a member of staff could pull a horrible look at a resident, and the resident then could feel bullied. Another form of bullying is humiliation, if an elderly person is humiliated by a member of staff then this is seen as bullying, never should a care worker humiliate or put a resident in an awkward position. This could result in low self-esteem or depression which then has affects on the person’s health and well-being. There is a bulling system which is called cyber bullying, this includes bullying from the internet, email and mobile phones, and this is now one of the most popular ways of bulling a person. These can be physical, verbal or written. All forms of bulling are discrimination. A form a cyber bulling is if a care worker talks to another via internet about a resident in a care home, calling the person names or picking on things about the elder, this is cyber bulling and is not accepted when working in a health and social care setting. When working in a health and social care setting abuse is not allowed, if it is physical, sexual or mental all form of abuse are not accepted and are forms of discrimination towards a person. When working in a health and social care setting abuse should not be accepted, people who work in an elderly care home or visit elderly people’s homes can also target older people and financially abuse them. Financial abuse is when a care worker regularly takes money from an elderly person, weather it stealing without them knowing if taking it from them though a threat towards them. If an elderly person feel threatened they are more likely to give into the abuse. Physical abuse is manhandling a person in a way that is not accepted or a way that hurts the person. For example if a child was sitting on the  floor refusing to move the care worker should not handle the child in a way it will hurt them, a way of doing this would be kicking them out of the way or grabbing their arm in a way that hurts them this is a form of physical abuse as the child has been hurt, this manner is not accepted in any health and social care setting or any type of job. A professional way to solve the problem would be to talk to the child or pick the child up in a soft professional manner. Ageism is discrimination or unfair treatment based on a person’s age. This can have an impact on someone’s confidence, job prospects, financial situation and quality of life, for example if an elderly person wanted a job and they didn’t get it because they were too old this would be ageism towards the elderly person. Age should not matter when getting a job and age discrimination should not be permitted when working in a health and social care setting. Another example of ageism is if a care worker was caring for an elderly person and she made a comment about the elderly person not been able to do something because she is too â€Å"old† this would be age discrimination. Just because a person is old it does not mean they are not capable of doing things. Ageism could also happen to a younger person, a younger person could be seen as â€Å"thick† because they do not have much life experience this could result in it been harder for a younger person to get a job. This could affect the younger person because they may lose self esteem and may rely on benefits. This type of discrimination and should not be tolerated when working in a health and social care setting. An older person may see some affects in their life because of their age, the may lose their job or be forced into redundancy so that a younger person can take their place. Some elderly people may not be entitled to disability benefit even if they qualify because of their age. The possible outcomes of discriminating against someone are: * Feeling intimidated because the person could say some horrible things or make the elderly person feel alone * Feeling bullied because being discriminated against is an act of bulling * Frustrated because they might not know what to do to solve the discrimination towards the, or they are not getting the right help or support * Their health may deteriorate e.g., from stress or not receiving the right care, their medicine not been given out or been given out on time, or they could receive the wrong medicine * Feel  annoyed because they might not now what to do to stop the discrimination * Embarrassed to tell anyone because they may feel like people might laugh at them for telling or if it is a care worker discriminating the person the may feel scared to tell anyone incase it got worse or people did not believe them * Feel angry because the have not done anything wrong and do not understand why they are being picked on Marg inalisation is an effect of discrimination. This means being on the edge of society being moved to the edge. It is where individuals or groups are prevented from accessing services, such as health care. It is where a person is cut of from cultural and social activities; this could be from family or a care worker. When a person is marginalized they are made to feel like they are different and this is different in a negative way. For example a lower class person being admitted to a private care trust because there is no room anywhere elder and being surrounded by upper class service users. They may begin to feel like they are been treated differently. They may feel discriminated against because they are not upper class. People who are socially excluded are more likely to be marginalized because they do not have many people around them, people may not want to be around them or include them because they may not have much money or may come from a poor background. http://archpedi.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=481398 Moonie et al. (2003). BETEC National Care. Oxford. Heinemann Disempowerment is when services are expected to fit in with the service rather than the service adapting to meet that persons needs. Disempowerment also means not letting a person make their own choices for themselves, for example not having their own choice what they have for breakfast or what time they get up in the morning. Their choices are made for them without considering the person first. The effect this has on the person is that they may lose all individuality because they have no choices. Another example of disempowerment is if a disabled man applies for a job, his disability is that he is wheelchair bound and he does not get the job because he is in a wheelchair. The reason why he does not get the job is because the building does not have wheelchair access. This is disempowerment towards the person because the place does not fit around him he has to fit around the complications.